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chanhudaro a craft production site

Finding out about craft production: Chanhudaro: little settlement less than 7 hectare.

  • Exclusively devoted to craft production including bead -making, shell- cutting, metal-working, seal-making and weight-making.

  • First excavated by NG Majumdar in 1931, is the only Harappan city which does not have a fortified citadel.

  • Materials used in making beds 


stones: carnelian(red-color stone), Jasper stone, crystal stone, quartz Stone, steatite/soap stone( very soft).

 metals: copper bronze gold 


others: shell, faience(glazed ceramic beads), Terracotta (baked earth/ earthenware.).


  • Some beads were made of two or more stones, cemented together. They are of different shapes- disc shaped ,cylindrical shaped, barrel shaped ,segmented

  •  incised or painted on them.


Techniques of making Beads 

  • Steatite (soft stone).

  • Some beads were moulded out of a paste made with steatite powder.

  •  red color of Carnelian was obtained by firing the yellowish raw material.

  •  specialized drills have been found at chanhudaro, lothal and dholavira 

  • Nageshwar and balakot settlements near the coast were specialized centers for making shell objects, for example bangles ladless and Inlay.


5.1) Identifying centres of craft production. 

  • Archeologists usually look for the following: raw materials: stone noodles, whole shells, copper ore.

  • tools 

  • Unfinished objects ,rejects and waste materials

  •  These traces suggest specialized centers.

  •  craft production was also undertaken in large cities such as Mohenjo Daro and Harappa.





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