chanhudaro a craft production site

Finding out about craft production: Chanhudaro: little settlement less than 7 hectare.

Exclusively devoted to craft production including bead -making, shell- cutting, metal-working, seal-making and weight-making.
First excavated by NG Majumdar in 1931, is the only Harappan city which does not have a fortified citadel.
Materials used in making beds

stones: carnelian(red-color stone), Jasper stone, crystal stone, quartz Stone, steatite/soap stone( very soft).

metals: copper bronze gold

others: shell, faience(glazed ceramic beads), Terracotta (baked earth/ earthenware.).

Some beads were made of two or more stones, cemented together. They are of different shapes- disc shaped ,cylindrical shaped, barrel shaped ,segmented
incised or painted on them.

Techniques of making Beads

Steatite (soft stone).
Some beads were moulded out of a paste made with steatite powder.
red color of Carnelian was obtained by firing the yellowish raw material.
specialized drills have been found at chanhudaro, lothal and dholavira
Nageshwar and balakot settlements near the coast were specialized centers for making shell objects, for example bangles ladless and Inlay.

5.1) Identifying centres of craft production.

Archeologists usually look for the following: raw materials: stone noodles, whole shells, copper ore.
tools
Unfinished objects ,rejects and waste materials
These traces suggest specialized centers.
craft production was also undertaken in large cities such as Mohenjo Daro and Harappa.

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